Initial Water hardness (grains per gallon) by Sodium added to water by softening (milligrams per liter)

I never knew what an affect sodium could have on water hardness. It's not really a chemical that I would have imagined to have such a drastic impact on water hardness.

Isn't this a little couteracting if your adding sodium to soften the water but actually increasing the water hardness. IDK?

Isn't this a little couteracting if your adding sodium to soften the water but actually increasing the water hardness. IDK?

Isn't this a little couteracting if your adding sodium to soften the water but actually increasing the water hardness. IDK?

Isn't this a little couteracting if your adding sodium to soften the water but actually increasing the water hardness. IDK?

Isn't this a little couteracting if your adding sodium to soften the water but actually increasing the water hardness. IDK?

Thats really cool, but what happens if water gets too soft, like the side affects of too much sodium?

so... softened water contains more sodium? or is sodium a byproduct of softening?